Understanding Global Casino Regulation
Ī Ī¹ĻĻĪæĻĪÆĪ± ĻĪ·Ļ Ī½ĪæĪ¼Ī¹ĪŗĪ®Ļ ĻĻĪøĪ¼Ī¹ĻĪ·Ļ ĻĻĪ½ ĪŗĪ±Ī¶ĪÆĪ½Īæ
Ī Ī½ĪæĪ¼Ī¹ĪŗĪ® ĻĻĪøĪ¼Ī¹ĻĪ· ĻĻĪ½ ĪŗĪ±Ī¶ĪÆĪ½Īæ ĪĻĪµĪ¹ ĻĪ¹Ļ ĻĪÆĪ¶ĪµĻ ĻĪ·Ļ ĻĪµ Ī±ĻĻĪ±ĪÆĪæĻ Ļ ĻĪæĪ»Ī¹ĻĪ¹ĻĪ¼ĪæĻĻ ĻĻĪæĻ ĪæĪ¹ ĻĻ ĻĪµĻĪĻ ĻĪÆĻĪµĪ¹Ļ ĪŗĪ±Ī¹ ĻĪ±Ī¹ĻĪ½ĪÆĪ“Ī¹Ī± ĪµĪÆĻĪ±Ī½ ĪŗĪæĪ¹Ī½ĻĪ½Ī¹ĪŗĪ® ĪŗĪ±Ī¹ ĻĪæĪ»Ī¹ĻĪ¹ĻĻĪ¹ĪŗĪ® ĻĪ·Ī¼Ī±ĻĪÆĪ±. Ī£ĻĪ·Ī½ ĪĻ ĻĻĻĪ·, ĪŗĪ±ĻĪ¬ ĻĪæĪ½ 17Īæ ĪŗĪ±Ī¹ 18Īæ Ī±Ī¹ĻĪ½Ī±, ĻĪ± ĻĻĻĻĪ± ĪŗĪ±Ī¶ĪÆĪ½Īæ Ī¹Ī“ĻĻĪøĪ·ĪŗĪ±Ī½ Ī¼Īµ Ī±Ļ ĻĻĪ·ĻĪæĻĻ ĪŗĪ±Ī½ĻĪ½ĪµĻ. Ī£ĻĪ·Ī½ ĪŗĪ±ĻĪ·Ī³ĪæĻĪÆĪ± Ī±Ļ ĻĪ®, Ī¼ĻĪæĻĪµĪÆ ĪŗĪ±Ī½ĪµĪÆĻ Ī½Ī± Ī²ĻĪµĪ¹ ĻĪ»Ī·ĻĪæĻĪæĻĪÆĪµĻ Ī³Ī¹Ī± ĻĪæ ĻĻĻ Ī»ĪµĪ¹ĻĪæĻ ĻĪ³ĪæĻĪ½ ĻĪ± ĪŗĪ±Ī¶ĪÆĪ½Īæ ĪŗĪ±Ī¹ ĻĪæ online casino greece Ī½Ī± ĪµĪÆĪ½Ī±Ī¹ ĪĪ½Ī±Ļ Ī±ĻĻ ĻĪæĻ Ļ ĻĪ±ĻĪ¬Ī³ĪæĪ½ĻĪµĻ ĻĪæĻ ĪµĻĪ·ĻĪµĪ¬Ī¶ĪµĪ¹ ĻĪ·Ī½ Ī±Ī³ĪæĻĪ¬. ĪĻ ĻĪ® Ī· ĻĪµĻĪÆĪæĪ“ĪæĻ ĻĪ®Ī¼Ī±Ī½Īµ ĻĪ·Ī½ Ī±ĻĻĪ® ĻĪ·Ļ Ī½ĪæĪ¼Ī¹ĪŗĪ®Ļ ĻĻĪøĪ¼Ī¹ĻĪ·Ļ, ĪŗĪ±ĪøĻĻ ĪæĪ¹ ĪŗĻ Ī²ĪµĻĪ½Ī®ĻĪµĪ¹Ļ Ī±Ī½Ī±Ī³Ī½ĻĻĪ¹ĻĪ±Ī½ ĻĪ·Ī½ Ī±Ī½Ī¬Ī³ĪŗĪ· Ī³Ī¹Ī± ĪĪ»ĪµĪ³ĻĪæ.
ĪĪĻĪ± ĻĻĪæĪ½ 20Ļ Ī±Ī¹ĻĪ½Ī±, ĻĪæĪ»Ī»ĪĻ ĻĻĻĪµĻ Ī¬ĻĻĪ¹ĻĪ±Ī½ Ī½Ī± ĻĻ ĪøĪ¼ĪÆĪ¶ĪæĻ Ī½ ĻĪ± ĪŗĪ±Ī¶ĪÆĪ½Īæ Ī¼Īµ ĻĪŗĪæĻĻ ĻĪ·Ī½ ĻĻĪæĻĻĪ±ĻĪÆĪ± ĻĻĪ½ ĻĪ±Ī¹ĪŗĻĻĪ½ ĪŗĪ±Ī¹ ĻĪ·Ī½ ĪŗĪ±ĻĪ±ĻĪæĪ»ĪĪ¼Ī·ĻĪ· ĻĪ·Ļ ĻĪ±ĻĪ¬Ī½ĪæĪ¼Ī·Ļ ĻĻ ĻĪµĻĪ®Ļ ĻĪ±Ī¹ĻĪ½Ī¹Ī“Ī¹ĪæĻ. Ī£Ī·Ī¼Ī±Ī½ĻĪ¹ĪŗĪæĪÆ Ī½ĻĪ¼ĪæĪ¹ ĪŗĪ±Ī¹ ĪŗĪ±Ī½ĪæĪ½Ī¹ĻĪ¼ĪæĪÆ ĪøĪµĻĻĪÆĻĻĪ·ĪŗĪ±Ī½, ĻĻĪæĻĪ“Ī¹ĪæĻĪÆĪ¶ĪæĪ½ĻĪ±Ļ ĻĻĻ ĪŗĪ±Ī¹ ĻĪæĻ Ī¼ĻĪæĻĪµĪÆ Ī½Ī± Ī»ĪµĪ¹ĻĪæĻ ĻĪ³Ī®ĻĪµĪ¹ ĪĪ½Ī± ĪŗĪ±Ī¶ĪÆĪ½Īæ.
ĪĪ¹Ī±ĻĪæĻĪµĻĪ¹ĪŗĪĻ ĻĻĪæĻĪµĪ³Ī³ĪÆĻĪµĪ¹Ļ Ī±Ī½Ī¬ ĻĻĻĪ±
Ī Ī½ĪæĪ¼Ī¹ĪŗĪ® ĻĻĪøĪ¼Ī¹ĻĪ· ĻĻĪ½ ĪŗĪ±Ī¶ĪÆĪ½Īæ Ī“Ī¹Ī±ĻĪĻĪµĪ¹ ĻĪ·Ī¼Ī±Ī½ĻĪ¹ĪŗĪ¬ Ī±ĻĻ ĻĻĻĪ± ĻĪµ ĻĻĻĪ±. Ī£Īµ ĪŗĪ¬ĻĪæĪ¹ĪµĻ ĻĻĻĪµĻ, ĻĻĻĻ Ī· ĪĪ¬Ī»ĻĪ± ĪŗĪ±Ī¹ ĻĪæ ĪĪ±ĪŗĪ¬Īæ, Ī· Ī²Ī¹ĪæĪ¼Ī·ĻĪ±Ī½ĪÆĪ± ĻĻ ĻĪµĻĻĪ½ ĻĪ±Ī¹ĻĪ½Ī¹Ī“Ī¹ĻĪ½ ĪµĪÆĪ½Ī±Ī¹ Ī¶ĻĻĪ¹ĪŗĪ®Ļ ĻĪ·Ī¼Ī±ĻĪÆĪ±Ļ Ī³Ī¹Ī± ĻĪ·Ī½ ĪæĪ¹ĪŗĪæĪ½ĪæĪ¼ĪÆĪ± ĪŗĪ±Ī¹ Ļ ĻĻĪŗĪµĪ¹ĻĪ±Ī¹ ĻĪµ ĻĪ¹Īæ ĻĪ±Ī»Ī±ĻĪĻ ĻĻ ĪøĪ¼ĪÆĻĪµĪ¹Ļ. ĪĪ½ĻĪ¹ĪøĪĻĻĻ, ĻĻĻĪµĻ ĻĻĻĻ Ī· Ī£Ī±ĪæĻ Ī“Ī¹ĪŗĪ® ĪĻĪ±Ī²ĪÆĪ± ĪµĻĪ¹Ī²Ī¬Ī»Ī»ĪæĻ Ī½ Ī±Ļ ĻĻĪ·ĻĪæĻĻ ĻĪµĻĪ¹ĪæĻĪ¹ĻĪ¼ĪæĻĻ, Ī±ĻĪæĻĻĪÆĻĻĪæĪ½ĻĪ±Ļ ĪµĪ½ĻĪµĪ»ĻĻ ĻĪ± ĪŗĪ±Ī¶ĪÆĪ½Īæ.
Ī£ĻĪ¹Ļ ĪĪ½ĻĪ¼ĪĪ½ĪµĻ Ī ĪæĪ»Ī¹ĻĪµĪÆĪµĻ, Ī· ĪŗĪ±ĻĪ¬ĻĻĪ±ĻĪ· ĪµĪÆĪ½Ī±Ī¹ Ī¹Ī“Ī¹Ī±ĪÆĻĪµĻĪ± ĻĪµĻĪÆĻĪ»ĪæĪŗĪ·, ĪŗĪ±ĪøĻĻ ĪæĪ¹ ĻĻ ĪøĪ¼ĪÆĻĪµĪ¹Ļ ĻĪæĪ¹ĪŗĪÆĪ»Ī»ĪæĻ Ī½ Ī±ĻĻ ĻĪæĪ»Ī¹ĻĪµĪÆĪ± ĻĪµ ĻĪæĪ»Ī¹ĻĪµĪÆĪ±. ĪĻĪ¹ĻĪ¼ĪĪ½ĪµĻ ĻĪæĪ»Ī¹ĻĪµĪÆĪµĻ ĪĻĪæĻ Ī½ ĪøĪµĻĻĪÆĻĪµĪ¹ Ī½ĻĪ¼ĪæĻ Ļ ĻĪæĻ ĪµĻĪ¹ĻĻĪĻĪæĻ Ī½ ĻĪ± ĪŗĪ±Ī¶ĪÆĪ½Īæ, ĪµĪ½Ļ Ī¬Ī»Ī»ĪµĻ ĪĻĪæĻ Ī½ Ī“Ī¹Ī±ĻĪ·ĻĪ®ĻĪµĪ¹ ĻĪ·Ī½ Ī±ĻĪ±Ī³ĻĻĪµĻ ĻĪ® ĻĪæĻ Ļ, Ī³ĪµĪ³ĪæĪ½ĻĻ ĻĪæĻ Ī“Ī·Ī¼Ī¹ĪæĻ ĻĪ³ĪµĪÆ ĪĪ½Ī±Ī½ ĻĪµĻĪÆĻĪ»ĪæĪŗĪæ Ī½ĪæĪ¼Ī¹ĪŗĻ ĻĪ¬ĻĻĪ·.
Ī ĪŗĪæĪ¹Ī½ĻĪ½Ī¹ĪŗĪ® ĪŗĪ±Ī¹ ĪæĪ¹ĪŗĪæĪ½ĪæĪ¼Ī¹ĪŗĪ® Ī“Ī¹Ī¬ĻĻĪ±ĻĪ· ĻĪ·Ļ ĻĻĪøĪ¼Ī¹ĻĪ·Ļ
Ī ĻĻĪøĪ¼Ī¹ĻĪ· ĻĻĪ½ ĪŗĪ±Ī¶ĪÆĪ½Īæ Ī“ĪµĪ½ Ī±ĻĪæĻĪ¬ Ī¼ĻĪ½Īæ ĻĪ· Ī½ĪæĪ¼Ī¹ĪŗĪ® ĻĻĻ ĻĪ®, Ī±Ī»Ī»Ī¬ ĪŗĪ±Ī¹ ĻĪ·Ī½ ĪŗĪæĪ¹Ī½ĻĪ½Ī¹ĪŗĪ® ĪŗĪ±Ī¹ ĪæĪ¹ĪŗĪæĪ½ĪæĪ¼Ī¹ĪŗĪ® Ī“Ī¹Ī¬ĻĻĪ±ĻĪ·. Ī ĪæĪ»Ī»ĪĻ ĻĻĻĪµĻ ĪøĪµĻĻĪæĻĪ½ ĻĻĪ¹ Ī· Ī½ĪæĪ¼Ī¹Ī¼ĪæĻĪæĪÆĪ·ĻĪ· ĻĻĪ½ ĪŗĪ±Ī¶ĪÆĪ½Īæ Ī¼ĻĪæĻĪµĪÆ Ī½Ī± ĻĻ Ī¼Ī²Ī¬Ī»ĪµĪ¹ ĻĻĪ·Ī½ Ī±Ī½Ī¬ĻĻĻ Ī¾Ī· ĻĪ·Ļ ĪæĪ¹ĪŗĪæĪ½ĪæĪ¼ĪÆĪ±Ļ ĪŗĪ±Ī¹ ĻĻĪ· Ī“Ī·Ī¼Ī¹ĪæĻ ĻĪ³ĪÆĪ± ĪøĪĻĪµĻĪ½ ĪµĻĪ³Ī±ĻĪÆĪ±Ļ. Ī©ĻĻĻĻĪæ, Ļ ĻĪ¬ĻĻĪµĪ¹ ĻĪ¬Ī½ĻĪ± Īæ ĪŗĪÆĪ½Ī“Ļ Ī½ĪæĻ Ī±ĻĪ¾Ī·ĻĪ·Ļ ĻĪ·Ļ ĻĻ ĻĪµĻĪ®Ļ ĪµĪøĪ¹ĻĻĪ¹ĪŗĻĻĪ·ĻĪ±Ļ ĪŗĪ±Ī¹ ĻĻĪ½ ĪŗĪæĪ¹Ī½ĻĪ½Ī¹ĪŗĻĪ½ ĻĻĪæĪ²Ī»Ī·Ī¼Ī¬ĻĻĪ½.
ĪĪ¹ ĪŗĻ Ī²ĪµĻĪ½Ī®ĻĪµĪ¹Ļ ĻĻĪæĻĻĪ±ĪøĪæĻĪ½ Ī½Ī± Ī²ĻĪæĻ Ī½ ĻĪ· ĻĻĻĻĪ® Ī¹ĻĪæĻĻĪæĻĪÆĪ± Ī¼ĪµĻĪ±Ī¾Ļ ĻĪ·Ļ ĪµĪ½ĪÆĻĻĻ ĻĪ·Ļ ĻĪ·Ļ ĪæĪ¹ĪŗĪæĪ½ĪæĪ¼ĪÆĪ±Ļ ĪŗĪ±Ī¹ ĻĪ·Ļ ĻĻĪæĻĻĪ±ĻĪÆĪ±Ļ ĻĻĪ½ ĻĪæĪ»Ī¹ĻĻĪ½ Ī±ĻĻ ĻĪ¹Ļ Ī±ĻĪ½Ī·ĻĪ¹ĪŗĪĻ ĻĻ Ī½ĪĻĪµĪ¹ĪµĻ ĻĻĪ½ ĻĻ ĻĪµĻĻĪ½ ĻĪ±Ī¹ĻĪ½Ī¹Ī“Ī¹ĻĪ½. Ī ĻĪæĪ³ĻĪ¬Ī¼Ī¼Ī±ĻĪ± ĻĻĻĪ»Ī·ĻĪ·Ļ ĪŗĪ±Ī¹ ĪµĪ½Ī·Ī¼ĪĻĻĻĪ·Ļ Ļ Ī»ĪæĻĪæĪ¹ĪæĻĪ½ĻĪ±Ī¹ ĻĪµ ĻĪæĪ»Ī»ĪĻ ĻĻĻĪµĻ Ī¼Īµ ĻĪŗĪæĻĻ ĻĪ·Ī½ ĪµĪ½Ī·Ī¼ĪĻĻĻĪ· ĻĪæĻ ĪŗĪæĪ¹Ī½ĪæĻ.
Ī ĻĪµĻĪ½ĪæĪ»ĪæĪ³ĪÆĪ± ĪŗĪ±Ī¹ Ī· Ī½ĪæĪ¼Ī¹ĪŗĪ® ĻĻĪøĪ¼Ī¹ĻĪ·
Ī ĻĪµĻĪ½ĪæĪ»ĪæĪ³ĪÆĪ± ĪĻĪµĪ¹ ĻĪĻĪµĪ¹ ĻĪ·Ī¼Ī±Ī½ĻĪ¹ĪŗĪĻ Ī±Ī»Ī»Ī±Ī³ĪĻ ĻĻĪæĪ½ ĪŗĻĻĪ¼Īæ ĻĻĪ½ ĪŗĪ±Ī¶ĪÆĪ½Īæ, Ī¼Īµ ĻĪ·Ī½ Ī¬Ī½ĪæĪ“Īæ ĻĻĪ½ Ī“Ī¹Ī±Ī“Ī¹ĪŗĻĻ Ī±ĪŗĻĪ½ ĻĻ ĻĪµĻĻĪ½ ĻĪ±Ī¹ĻĪ½Ī¹Ī“Ī¹ĻĪ½. ĪĪ¹ ĻĻĻĪµĻ ĻĻĪæĻĻĪ±ĪøĪæĻĪ½ Ī½Ī± ĻĻĪæĻĪ±ĻĪ¼ĪæĻĻĪæĻĪ½ ĻĻĪ¹Ļ Ī½ĪĪµĻ ĻĻ Ī½ĪøĪ®ĪŗĪµĻ, Ī±Ī½Ī±ĻĻĻĻĻĪæĪ½ĻĪ±Ļ Ī½ĻĪ¼ĪæĻ Ļ ĻĪæĻ ĪŗĪ±Ī»ĻĻĻĪæĻ Ī½ ĻĪ¹Ļ Ī“Ī¹Ī±Ī“Ī¹ĪŗĻĻ Ī±ĪŗĪĻ ĻĪ»Ī±ĻĻĻĻĪ¼ĪµĻ. Ī Ī±Ī½Ī¬Ī³ĪŗĪ· Ī³Ī¹Ī± Ī±ĻĻĪ±Ī»Ī® ĪŗĪ±Ī¹ Ī“ĪÆĪŗĪ±Ī¹Ī± ĻĪ±Ī¹ĻĪ½ĪÆĪ“Ī¹Ī± ĪµĪÆĪ½Ī±Ī¹ ĻĪ¹Īæ ĪµĻĪ¹ĻĪ±ĪŗĻĪ¹ĪŗĪ® Ī±ĻĻ ĻĪæĻĪ.
ĪĪ¹ ĻĻ ĪøĪ¼Ī¹ĻĻĪ¹ĪŗĪĻ Ī±ĻĻĪĻ Ī±Ī½Ī±ĻĻĻĻĻĪæĻ Ī½ ĻĪ»Ī±ĪÆĻĪ¹Ī± Ī³Ī¹Ī± ĻĪ·Ī½ Ī±Ī“ĪµĪ¹ĪæĪ“ĻĻĪ·ĻĪ· ĪŗĪ±Ī¹ ĻĪ·Ī½ ĪµĻĪæĻĻĪµĪÆĪ± ĻĻĪ½ Ī“Ī¹Ī±Ī“Ī¹ĪŗĻĻ Ī±ĪŗĻĪ½ ĪŗĪ±Ī¶ĪÆĪ½Īæ, ĪµĪ¾Ī±ĻĻĪ±Ī»ĪÆĪ¶ĪæĪ½ĻĪ±Ļ ĻĻĪ¹ ĪæĪ¹ ĻĪ±ĪÆĪŗĻĪµĻ ĻĻĪæĻĻĪ±ĻĪµĻĪæĪ½ĻĪ±Ī¹ ĪŗĪ±Ī¹ ĻĻĪ¹ ĻĪ± ĪĻĪæĪ“Ī± Ī±ĻĻ Ī±Ļ ĻĪ¬ ĻĪ± ĻĪ±Ī¹ĻĪ½ĪÆĪ“Ī¹Ī± ĻĻ Ī¼Ī²Ī¬Ī»Ī»ĪæĻ Ī½ ĻĻĪ· Ī“Ī·Ī¼ĻĻĪ¹Ī± ĻĻĪĪ»ĪµĪ¹Ī±.
Ī Ī“Ī¹Ī±Ī“Ī¹ĪŗĻĻ Ī±ĪŗĪ® ĻĪ·Ī³Ī® ĻĪ»Ī·ĻĪæĻĻĻĪ·ĻĪ·Ļ Ī³Ī¹Ī± ĪŗĪ±Ī¶ĪÆĪ½Īæ
Ī Ī±Ī½Ī±Ī¶Ī®ĻĪ·ĻĪ· ĻĪ»Ī·ĻĪæĻĪæĻĪ¹ĻĪ½ ĻĻĪµĻĪ¹ĪŗĪ¬ Ī¼Īµ ĻĪ· Ī½ĪæĪ¼Ī¹ĪŗĪ® ĻĻĪøĪ¼Ī¹ĻĪ· ĻĻĪ½ ĪŗĪ±Ī¶ĪÆĪ½Īæ Ī¼ĻĪæĻĪµĪÆ Ī½Ī± ĪµĪÆĪ½Ī±Ī¹ Ī“ĻĻĪŗĪæĪ»Ī·. Ī„ĻĪ¬ĻĻĪæĻ Ī½ ĻĪæĪ»Ī»ĪĻ Ī“Ī¹Ī±Ī“Ī¹ĪŗĻĻ Ī±ĪŗĪĻ ĻĪ·Ī³ĪĻ ĻĪæĻ ĻĻĪæĻĻĪĻĪæĻ Ī½ ĪµĪ½Ī·Ī¼ĪĻĻĻĪ· ĪŗĪ±Ī¹ Ī±Ī½Ī¬Ī»Ļ ĻĪ· Ī³Ī¹Ī± ĻĪ¹Ļ ĻĻĪĻĪæĻ ĻĪµĻ ĻĻ ĪøĪ¼ĪÆĻĪµĪ¹Ļ ĻĪµ Ī“Ī¹Ī¬ĻĪæĻĪµĻ ĻĻĻĪµĻ. ĪĻ ĻĪĻ ĪæĪ¹ ĻĪ·Ī³ĪĻ Ī¼ĻĪæĻĪµĪÆ Ī½Ī± ĻĪµĻĪ¹Ī»Ī±Ī¼Ī²Ī¬Ī½ĪæĻ Ī½ ĪŗĻ Ī²ĪµĻĪ½Ī·ĻĪ¹ĪŗĪĻ Ī¹ĻĻĪæĻĪµĪ»ĪÆĪ“ĪµĻ, Ī±ĪŗĪ±Ī“Ī·Ī¼Ī±ĻĪŗĪĻ Ī¼ĪµĪ»ĪĻĪµĻ ĪŗĪ±Ī¹ ĪµĪ¹Ī“Ī·ĻĪµĪæĪ³ĻĪ±ĻĪ¹ĪŗĪ¬ Ī¬ĻĪøĻĪ±.
Ī ĪµĪ½Ī·Ī¼ĪĻĻĻĪ· ĪµĪÆĪ½Ī±Ī¹ ĪŗĻĪÆĻĪ¹Ī¼Ī· Ī³Ī¹Ī± ĻĪæĻ Ļ ĻĪ±ĪÆĪŗĻĪµĻ ĪŗĪ±Ī¹ ĻĪæĻ Ļ ĪµĻĪ±Ī³Ī³ĪµĪ»Ī¼Ī±ĻĪÆĪµĻ ĻĪ·Ļ Ī²Ī¹ĪæĪ¼Ī·ĻĪ±Ī½ĪÆĪ±Ļ. Ī ĪŗĪ±ĻĪ±Ī½ĻĪ·ĻĪ· ĻĪ·Ļ Ī½ĪæĪ¼Ī¹ĪŗĪ®Ļ ĻĻĪøĪ¼Ī¹ĻĪ·Ļ Ī¼ĻĪæĻĪµĪÆ Ī½Ī± Ī²ĪæĪ·ĪøĪ®ĻĪµĪ¹ ĻĪæĻ Ļ ĪµĪ½Ī“Ī¹Ī±ĻĪµĻĻĪ¼ĪµĪ½ĪæĻ Ļ Ī½Ī± ĻĪ¬ĻĪæĻ Ī½ ĪµĪ½Ī·Ī¼ĪµĻĻĪ¼ĪĪ½ĪµĻ Ī±ĻĪæĻĪ¬ĻĪµĪ¹Ļ ĪŗĪ±Ī¹ Ī½Ī± ĻĻĪæĻĻĪ±ĻĪµĻ ĪøĪæĻĪ½ Ī±ĻĻ ĻĪ¹Ļ Ī±ĻĪ½Ī·ĻĪ¹ĪŗĪĻ ĻĻ Ī½ĪĻĪµĪ¹ĪµĻ ĻĪæĻ ĻĪ¶ĻĪ³ĪæĻ .